影响透水砖性能的四个因素
一、影响透水砖性能的四个因素。
1、 Four factors that affect the performance of permeable bricks.
1、颗粒物料的粒度和粒度级匹配。
1. Match the particle size and grade of granular materials.
不同粒度的彩色透水砖制成的砖透水性不同，粒度大的透水性好；透水性不同于砖的强度和成型性，也不同于不同粒度分布的烧成后的透水性。一般来说，合理的粒径分布对产品性能影响很大，粒径范围越窄，透水性越好。
Bricks made of colored permeable bricks with different particle sizes have different water permeability, while those with larger particle sizes have better water permeability; The permeability is different from the strength and formability of bricks, as well as the permeability after firing with different particle size distributions. Generally speaking, a reasonable particle size distribution has a significant impact on product performance. The narrower the particle size range, the better the water permeability.
2、原材料加工方法。
2. Raw material processing methods.
粉状物料的加工方法也有两种，一种是干磨，由雷蒙磨加工，投资少，但粉尘大，物料均匀性差；另一种方法是湿磨，即将准备好的材料用球磨机球磨至所需细度，然后喷雾干燥制成纸浆。用这种方法制备的粉末均匀性好，加工环境好，但投资大，成本高。
There are also two processing methods for powdered materials. One is dry grinding, which is processed by Raymond grinding, with low investment but high dust content and poor material uniformity; The other method is wet grinding, that is, the prepared materials are ground to the required fineness with a ball mill, and then spray dried to make pulp. The powder prepared by this method has good uniformity and processing environment, but it has high investment and cost.
3、造孔剂的种类和添加量。
3. The type and amount of pore forming agent added.
造孔剂主要是碳酸盐。造孔剂主要用于提高产品的透水性。但造孔剂的加入会降低产品的成型性和干强度，部分造孔剂还会造成黑芯等缺陷。通常，使用的造孔剂是碳酸盐。从实际效果来看，适量的造孔剂不仅能起到造孔的作用，还能起到助熔剂的作用，使产品的强度得到了明显的提高，而过量添加则会起到相反的效果。
The pore forming agent is mainly carbonate. Pore forming agents are mainly used to improve the water permeability of products. However, the addition of pore forming agents can reduce the formability and dry strength of the product, and some pore forming agents can also cause defects such as black cores. Usually, the pore forming agent used is carbonate. From the actual effect, an appropriate amount of pore forming agent can not only play a role in pore forming, but also act as a flux, significantly improving the strength of the product. However, excessive addition will have the opposite effect.
4、粉状物料的组成和添加量
4. Composition and dosage of powdered materials
透水砖的制成品是将粒状材料和粉状材料与水混合，然后成型和烧制而成。颗粒材料是骨架和主料，粉状材料是辅料，由助熔剂、造孔剂和粘结剂组成。上述成分的合理组合对成型性、干燥性、烧成性和产品性能起着关键作用。
The finished product of permeable bricks is made by mixing granular and powdered materials with water, then forming and firing them. Granular materials are the skeleton and main materials, while powdered materials are auxiliary materials, composed of fluxes, pore forming agents, and binders. The reasonable combination of the above ingredients plays a crucial role in shaping, drying, firing, and product performance.
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